Ngaphakathi komugqa we-KYN Switchgear-Up: Okungenayo, Okuphumayo, Ukuvikelwa kanye Nokulinganisa, Iphaneli Ngephaneli
Vula umnyango ka i-medium-voltage switchgear igumbi futhi into yokuqala oyiqaphelayo ukuphindaphinda. Umugqa ngemva komugqa wama-cubicle ensimbi, ngalinye licishe libe ububanzi obufanayo, ngalinye linephaneli yokulawula encane ngaphambili kanye nomdwebo wokulingisa okutshela ukuthi i-cubicle yenzani. Ukuphindaphinda kubukeka kuyisicefe. Akuyona. Lowo mugqa yindlela igumbi lokusabalalisa elihlala liphila lapho iphutha lenzeka endaweni ethile ezansi nomfula.
I-JSGK ihlinzeka nge-KYN, i-XGN kanye nemindeni yekhabhinethi ehlobene nensimbi ukuze yamukelwe, isatshalaliswe, ivikelwe, iqashwe futhi ikale. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi indawo ngayinye emgqeni yenzani ngempela, ukuthi iphaneli yangaphambili ihlelwe kanjani, nokuthi yini esiyihlolayo ngaphambi kokuba ama-cubicle aphume efektri.
Kungani igumbi lidinga ama-cubicle amaningana, hhayi elilodwa
Ikhebuli engenayo ayidingi irowu. Igumbi lokusabalalisa langempela liyakwenza. Amandla afika kokuphakelayo okukodwa noma ngaphezulu okungenayo, ehlela endaweni yebhasi evamile, abese ephuma futhi ngokusebenzisa iziphakeli ezimbalwa eziphumayo eziya kuma-transformer, izikhungo zokulawula izinjini noma ama-ring node. Ngamunye kuleyo misebenzi uthola eyakhe i-cubicle evalwe ngensimbi ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi ngamunye unomsebenzi ohlukile kanye nesilungiselelo esihlukile sokuvikela.
Uhlu ludwetshwa kumdwebo womugqa owodwa ngaphambi kokuba i-cubicle eyodwa ishiselwe. Lowo mdwebo uqamba iphaneli engenayo, ingxenye yebhasi, isiphakeli ngasinye esiphumayo, iphaneli yokuvikela kanye nephaneli yokulinganisa. Phansi kwesitolo, imidwebo yokuhlelwa kwekhabethe ilungisa ububanzi, ukujula, imvume yokufinyelela ngaphambili kanye nendawo yokungena yekhebula ukuze umugqa ulingane negumbi lakho.
Izikhundla ezine ozohlangana nazo
- Amaphaneli angenayo (nesigaba sebhasi). Lawa athola ukunikezwa okuvela ensizeni noma ku-transformer ekhuphuka nomfula futhi ayixhume kubha enkulu yebhasi. Iphaneli yesigaba sebhasi ihlukanisa ibhasi ukuze amahhafu amabili akwazi ukugijima ngokuzimela noma ngokuhambisana.
- Amaphaneli aphumayo. Lezi zikhipha amandla emthwalweni ngamunye. I-feeder eya ku-transformer, i-feeder to motor, i-feeder eya eyunithi yendandatho eyinhloko, ngayinye iyi-cubicle ephumayo ezinikele ene-switchgear yayo.
- Amaphaneli okuvikela. Lezi zibamba ama-relay okuvikela anomuzwa wokudlulela, iphutha lomhlaba nezinye izimo ezingavamile futhi zikhuphule isinqamuli esifanelekile ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo usabalale. Izilungiselelo zokudlulisa zifaniswa nesiphakeli, azikopishwa kuwo wonke umugqa.
- Amaphaneli okulinganisa. Lawa aphethe amathuluzi okulinganisa namamitha asetshenziselwa ukufunda i-voltage, i-current, amandla namandla, ngokuvamile okuphakela inkokhiso yensiza noma isistimu yamandla ezitshalo.
Igumbi elincane lingase lihlanganise imisebenzi ethile libe ama-cubicle ambalwa. Enkulu iphinda izindawo ezingenayo nezesigaba sebhasi ngokuphepha. Umdwebo womugqa owodwa uyanquma.
Yini empeleni ephambi kwekhabhinethi
Yima phambi kwe-KYN cubicle futhi iphaneli yangaphambili yenza umsebenzi, hhayi ukuhlobisa. Uzobona i-relay yokuvikela noma isilawuli esinesibonisi esincane nezinkinobho zokucindezela. Uzobona imitha ye-analog noma ithuluzi ledijithali lamandla kagesi kanye nelamanje. Uzobona amalambu ezinkomba, amaswishi okulawula kanye nesibambo sokusebenza sedivayisi yokushintsha.
Ngezansi kwamathuluzi, umdwebo wokulingisa ubonisa ukujikeleza okuyinhloko kokuncane: lapho ibha yebhasi isebenza khona, lapho kuhlala khona i-breaker, lapho kuphuma khona ingxenye yekhebula. Lapho u-opharetha evula i-cubicle, umlingisi ubatshela, ngokubuka nje, ukuthi leso siphakeli sivaliwe noma sikhubekile, ngaphandle kokuthi bathinte noma yini. Izingidi, izivalo zezicabha kanye namaswishi omhlaba ahlelwa ukuze igumbi alikwazi ukuvulwa ngenkathi lisaphila.
Ngaphakathi, i-cubicle ihlukana ibe izingxenye: i-breaker noma i-switch compartment, i-busbar compartment, i-cable compartment kanye ne-low-voltage noma ingxenye yesibili yokulawula nokuvikela izintambo. Ukubehlukanisa kwenziwa ngamabomu. Iphutha endaweni eyodwa liqukethwe yizithiyo zensimbi esikhundleni sokugoqa umugqa wonke.
Uma uhamba umugqa oqediwe, bheka izinto ezintathu ezihlukanisa umugqa owakhelwe-uku-oda kowojwayelekile. Iminyango yegumbi kufanele ithwale ama-shutter amboza ama-stubs aphilayo lapho i-breaker ihoxiswa. I-cubicle ngayinye kufanele ibe neswishi ye-grounding ebonakalayo noma indawo yokubeka phansi yekhompathimenti yekhebula ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi. Futhi umnyango wesibili kufanele uvule ngaphandle kokukhulula noma yikuphi ukukhiya okuphakathi kwe-high-voltage. Lena imininingwane evumela unjiniyela olungisayo ukuthi asebenze i-feeder ngokuphepha iminyaka ngemuva kokusebenza.
Ama-Circuit breaker, amabhasi kanye nesekhethi yesibili
Isici esishintshayo endaweni yesekethe i-breaker (noma i-load-break switch kuma-cubicle alula) engenza, ithwale futhi iphule umthwalo wamanje, futhi izihambe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kwamandla wephutha ngokusebenzisa i-relay yokuvikela. Ibha yebhasi eyinhloko i-conductor evamile ebopha iphaneli engenayo kuwo wonke amaphaneli aphumayo; isilinganiso saso sikhethelwe ukuthwala igumbi eligcwele lamanje ngemajini.
Isekethe yesibili iwukulawula, ukusayinda kanye nezintambo phakathi kwama-relay, amathuluzi, ama-pushbutton kanye ne-breaker. Isebenza endaweni yayo futhi yilapho iningi lamaphutha okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe licasha khona. Okucocekile, okulebulwe kwezintambo zesibili kubaluleke kakhulu njengethusi, ngoba ukudluliselwa okukhubaza okuphakelayo okungalungile kuyabiza ngisho nalapho ibha yebhasi eyinhloko ilungile.
Umugqa ulivikela kanjani igumbi
Hlanganisa izingcezu futhi indaba yokuvikela ilula. Isiphakeli esiphumayo sithuthukisa isekethe emfushane. I-current ikhuphuka. I-relay yokuvikela kuleso siphakeli yibona i-overcurrent futhi ithumela isignali yohambo kumaphuli ayo. Leso siphehli siyavuleka, sisuse kuphela isiphakeli esinephutha ngenkathi lonke ibhasi lihlala bukhoma. Iphaneli engenayo nezinye iziphakeli ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza. Ngaphandle kokudlulisela okufakwe amagremu ngendlela efanele kanye ne-breaker ezinikele ngokuphakelayo ngakunye, iphutha elilodwa lingenza igumbi lonke libe mnyama.
Lokho kuhlelwa kwezilungiselelo zokuvikela, okuphakelayo ngokuphakelayo, kunqunywa kumdwebo womugqa owodwa futhi kuhlolwe phakathi nokuhlanganisa nokuhlanganisa izintambo zesibili.
Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokuphumayo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa
Amasango amabili okuhlola ahlala phakathi komugqa oqediwe kanye nesiqukathi. Ukuhlola okuvamile kugijima njengoba ama-cubicle ekhula, ukuhlola isakhiwo ngokumelene nomdwebo. Ukuhlola okuphumayo kuwukudlula kokugcina: ukuhlola kwe-dimensional, ukubheka i-coating, ukuhlolwa kwengxenye kanye nesheke ukuthi izintambo zesibili nezikhiya ziziphatha njengoba umdwebo usho. Amarekhodi okuhlola namarekhodi okuhlola alungiswa nge-oda, ukuze ithimba lakho lesayithi kanye nomhloli wakho ozimele bafunde lokho okuhloliwe.
Ukucushwa kokugcina kukhiyiwe kumininingwane yedatha egunyaziwe, imidwebo yomugqa owodwa, imidwebo yokuhlelwa kwekhabhinethi namazinga wephrojekthi ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa. Sitshele izinga lamandla kagesi (amakilasi angu-10kV no-35kV ajwayelekile kulo mugqa), isilinganiso samanje, ileveli yesiyingi esifushane, inani lamasekhethi aphumayo kanye nemvelo yesayithi, futhi sizobeka umugqa ukuze ulingane negumbi lakho.