Yintoni Ngaphakathi Kwesiguquli saMandla?
Ngaphakathi kwi-transformer yamandla, iindawo eziphambili ezisebenzayo ziyi-core magnetic, i-windings, i-insulation kunye nokudibanisa kombane phakathi kwabo. Izikhokelo ezingundoqo zitshintshana ngokuguquguquka kwemagnethi, ngelixa amajiko-jiko ehambisa amandla ombane ngokufakwa kwe-electromagnetic. Kwi-transformer-oil-immersed transformer, le ndibano esebenzayo ifakwe kwitanki ene-insulating liquid, i-bushings kunye nelungiselelo lokupholisa. Izixhobo zokutshintsha itephu kunye nokubeka iliso nazo zinokufakwa, ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo.
Ayiyiyo yonke i-transformer enokwakhiwa okufanayo. Iziguquli zodidi olulomileyo zisebenzisa i-insulation eyahlukileyo kunye nelungiselelo lokuvala ukusuka kwiiyunithi ezifakwe kwioli, kunye nezixhobo ezikhethiweyo ziyahluka ngokulinganisa kunye nomsebenzi. Ukuqonda amacandelo kunceda umthengi afunde inkcazo yombane, kodwa ayimiseli ukucwangciswa kwayo nayiphi na iyunithi ethile. Kwiiprojekthi ezihlanganisiweyo zokusasaza, i-JSGK ibonelela ngeSibonelelo seTransformer njengesalathiso ecaleni kwesikhululo saso kunye neentsapho zemveliso yeswitchgear, kungekhona njengobungqina bokuvelisa i-transformer ezimele.
Undoqo weMagnetic: Indlela yokuTshintshana neFlux
Undoqo we-transformer ubonelela ngendlela ephantsi-yokunganyangeki yamagnetic edibanisa i-windings. Iqhele ukwakhiwa ukusuka kwizibane ezigqunyiweyo zemathiriyeli kazibuthe kunebhloko enye yentsimbi eyomeleleyo. I-Laminations inceda ukunciphisa ilahleko ye-eddy-yangoku enokuthi ivele ekutshintsheni i-magnetic flux. I-geometry engundoqo ethile, izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwakhiwa kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwe-transformer.
Undoqo unamalungu kunye needyokhwe ezenza i-magnetic circuit. Indima yayo kukuxhasa ukudityaniswa kwe-electromagnetic; akusiyo i-conductor yombane edibanisa isiphaluka sokuqala ngokuthe ngqo kwisiphaluka sesibini. Lo mahluko ubalulekile kuba i-transformer eqhelekileyo enamavili amabini idlulisela amandla ngemagnethi ngelixa igcina ukwahlulwa kwe-insulation ebonelelwe kuyilo lwayo.
Ii-Windings zasePrayimari kunye nezeSekondari: Apho i-Voltage itshintsha khona
Ii-windings ziquka ii-conductors ezigqunywe ngokujikeleze umbindi wemagnethi. Xa i-voltage etshintshanayo isetyenziswa kwi-input winding, ukutshintsha i-flux kubangela i-voltage kwenye i-winding. Ubudlelwane bokujika busembindini wotshintsho lombane, nangona ukusebenza okusebenzayo kukwaxhomekeke kwilahleko, kulawulo kunye noyilo olupheleleyo lwe-electromagnetic.
Kwiindlela ezininzi zokuyila i-high-voltage kunye ne-low-voltage windings ihlelwe ngokwasemzimbeni ukulawula ukukhutshwa kwe-insulation, ukudibanisa, ukususwa kobushushu kunye nemikhosi yomatshini. Uqhagamshelo olukhokelayo luzisa iitheminali ezijikajikayo kuqhagamshelo lwangaphakathi, iibhutsi okanye izixhobo zokutshintsha impompo njengoko kufanelekile. Inkcazo elula 'yezikhonkwane zethusi ngaphakathi kwebhokisi' iphosa i-insulation, inkxaso kunye nezakhiwo zokudibanisa ezifunekayo kwindibano esebenzayo ukwenza umsebenzi wayo.
Izixhobo zomqhubi womoya, ukucwangciswa, ukucwangciswa kunye neempawu zokumelana nesekethe emfutshane kufuneka ziqinisekiswe kumaxwebhu oyilo lomenzi othile. Inkcazo yecandelo apha ayibonisi umzobo wokwakha wangaphakathi kuyo nayiphi na i-JSGK-branded transformer.
I-Insulation yangaphakathi yahlula amandla oMbane ahlukeneyo
Ukugquma kwesiguquli kwahlula ujiko phakathi kojiko-jiko, amajiko-jiko akufutshane kunye namalungu aqhubayo kwizinto ezinokubakho zombane. Ikwaxhasa ukucocwa phakathi kwabaqhubi abasebenzayo, ingundoqo kunye nezinye izakhiwo. Ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo, ukugquma kunokusebenzisa izinto eziqinileyo, izithintelo, izikhewu, ulwelo olukhuselayo kunye nokukhutshwa okulawulwayo.
Inkqubo yokugquma kufuneka iqondwe kunye nobushushu kunye neemeko zokusebenza. Kuyilo lokuntywiliselwa kwe-oyile, ulwelo lusebenza ukugquma kombane kunye nemisebenzi yokuhambisa ubushushu, ecaleni kwezinto eziqinileyo zokugquma. Iyunithi yodidi olumileyo isebenzisa indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo yokugquma okuqinileyo kunye nomoya okanye enye imidiya yoyilo oluthile. Ezi ziintsapho zolwakhiwo olubanzi, hayi uhlengahlengiso lwangaphakathi.
ITanki kunye nolwelo lokugquma kwi-Oli-iNtlekele yoyilo
Kwi-transformer yamandla e-oyile eqhelekileyo, itanki yensimbi ifaka i-core-and-winding assembly kunye ne-insulating liquid. Itanki ibonelela ngokukhusela kunye nokukhuselwa komatshini, kwaye ukwakhiwa kwayo kuhlanganiswe nokwandiswa kwe-thermal, uxinzelelo, ukutywinwa kunye neemfuno zokupholisa.
Ulwelo lwenza zombini iindima zokugquma kunye nokuhambisa ubushushu. Ithwala ubushushu kude kwiindawo ezisebenzayo ukuya kwindawo yokupholisa okanye isixokelelwano sokupholisa esidityanisiweyo. Uhlobo lolwelo kunye nokuhambelana kwayo kunye nezixhobo kunye neemeko zokusebenza kufuneka ziqinisekiswe kuyilo oluthile. I-transformer yohlobo olomileyo ayinayo i-oil-tank enkulu ezaliswe yi-tank.
Bushings: Ukuqhagamshelwa koMbane ngeNdawo ebiyelweyo
I-bushing ivumela i-conductor enamandla ukuba idlule kwi-enclosure ye-transformer ephantsi ngelixa igcina i-insulation yombane efunekayo. Kwiyunithi ezaliswe yioli, i-bushings inikezela nge-insulated interfaces phakathi kwe-winding yangaphakathi okanye isikhokelo kunye nenkqubo yamandla yangaphandle. Iireyithingi kunye nokwakhiwa kwazo kwahluka ngokombane kunye nomsebenzi wangoku.
Olunye uyilo lusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-bushings okanye i-terminal arrangements, ngoko ke abathengi akufuneki bacinge ukuba yonke i-transformer ibonisa izinto ezifanayo zangaphandle ze-porcelain. Uqhagamshelo lwangaphandle oluchanekileyo kunye neemfuno zococeko zezomzobo wesixhobo kunye neenkcukacha zeprojekthi.
Cofa iziTshintsho Lungisa ukuJiko okuFanelekayo kokuVula
Umtshintshi wempompo ukhetha phakathi kwamanqaku onxibelelwano olujikelezayo ukuze alungelelanise umlinganiselo wokujika osebenzayo we-transformer kwaye ngenxa yoko ubudlelwane bayo bombane. Olunye uyilo lusebenzisa itephu yokutshintsha amandla, nto leyo efuna iimeko ezichaziweyo zangaphandle kwenkonzo. Abanye banokutshintsha kwempompo elayishiweyo eyenzelwe ukusebenza ngelixa i-transformer ihlala inamandla phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo.
Ezi ziindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi yokusebenza. Ubukho, indawo kunye nohlobo lokutshintsha impompo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe kwi-transformer yangempela. Ayiyiyo yonke i-transformer esebenzisa inkqubo efanayo yokutshintsha impompo, kwaye ulwazi lwamalungu angaphakathi alukho umyalelo wokusebenza okanye ukusevisa.
Izixhobo zokupholisa Susa ubushushu kwiNdibano eSebenzayo
Iilahleko ezingundoqo kunye namajiko zivelisa ubushushu. Ilungiselelo lokupholisa le-transformer lidlulisela ubushushu kude ukuze umsebenzi uhlale ngaphakathi kwemida yobushushu eyiliweyo. Iyunithi entywiliselwa nge-oyile inokusebenzisa iindonga zetanki, iiradiyetha, iifeni, iimpompo okanye izixhobo zokupholisa ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo kunye nendlela yokupholisa. Ayizizo zonke iiyunithi ezibandakanya abalandeli okanye iimpompo.
Kwiinguqu zohlobo olomileyo, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kuxhomekeke kwi-insulation ethile kunye nelungiselelo lokupholisa umoya, ngamanye amaxesha lincediswa ngabalandeli. Iinkqubo ezifakwe kwi-oyile kunye neyomileyo ke ngoko ayinakuthelekiswa ngokulula ngokubala izixhobo zokupholisa zangaphandle. Umsebenzi wokupholisa ochaziweyo kunye nendawo yokusebenza ilawula ukhetho.
I-Conservators, i-Breathers kunye nezixhobo zoKhuselo zixhomekeke kuYilo
Ezinye iziguquli ezizaliswe lulwelo zisebenzisa itanki yolondolozo ukulungiselela utshintsho kumthamo wolwelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kulungiselelo, impefumlo inokunceda ukulawula imeko yomoya ongena kwinkqubo yolondolozo. Olunye ulungelelwaniso lusebenzisa ulwakhiwo olutywiniweyo okanye olutywiniweyo kwaye alunalungiselelo elifanayo lomgcini.
Izixhobo zokukhusela kunye nokubeka iliso zingabandakanya umlinganiselo weqondo lokushisa, izixhobo ezinxulumene noxinzelelo, isibonakaliso sezinga le-oyile kunye nokukhuselwa kwegesi kuyilo apho ezo zixhobo zifanelekile. Ubukho bazo abukho jikelele. Abathengi kufuneka bafunde uluhlu lwezixhobo ezivunyiweyo kunye neskim endaweni yokuba bacinge ukuba incwadi yesikhokelo esikiweyo yimbonakaliso epheleleyo yayo yonke i-transformer.
I-Dry-Type vs. I-Oil-immersed Transformers: Yintoni eyahlukileyo Ngaphakathi?
Undoqo wemagnethi kunye namajiko-jiko angundoqo kuzo zombini iintsapho, kodwa ukugquma, indawo ebiyelweyo kunye nokupholisa kwahluka kakhulu. Uthelekiso olungezantsi luchaza iikhonsepthi eziqhelekileyo endaweni yokuchaza imodeli ethile.
| Uphawu | Uyilo lohlobo olomileyo | Uyilo olufakwe kwioli |
|---|---|---|
| Undoqo wemagnethi | Nikela | Nikela |
| Iifestile | Yangoku, igqunywe ngokwendlela yoyilo | Ngoku, ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokugquma okuqinileyo/ulwelo |
| I-Insulation kunye nendawo yokupholisa | Ukugquma okuqinileyo kunye nelungiselelo lokupholisa elinxulumene nomoya | Ukugquma okuqinileyo kunye nolwelo lokugquma |
| Itanki enkulu ezaliswe ngeoli | Ayiyonxalenye yolwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo lohlobo olomileyo | Isiqhelo |
| Iiradiator / izipholile zolwelo | Hayi indlela eqhelekileyo yokupholisa ioli | Isenokubakho ngokuxhomekeke kukalisho |
| Umlondolozi | Ayisebenzi kwi-oyile-conservator | Kuxhomekeke kuyilo olutywiniweyo okanye kuhlobo lwesilondolozi |
Inkcazo ye-transformer ye-JSGK ixubusha uhlobo olomileyo kunye neentsapho ezifakwe kwioli ekukhethweni kweprojekthi. Kufuneka ifundwe njengesalathiso esixhasayo senkqubo yombane edibeneyo. Ayibobungqina bokuba ulwakhiwo ngalunye lwe-transformer kolu thelekiso luqinisekisiweyo lwe-JSGK yokuvelisa.
Abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise ntoni ngaphaya kwezahlulo zangaphakathi?
Ukuqonda amacandelo e-transformer kunceda ukutolika inkcazo, kodwa akusigqibi isicelo sekoteyishini. Kwisikhululo esingaphantsi okanye iprojekthi yokuhambisa, abathengi ngokubanzi kufuneka bachaze:
- Umthamo olinganisiweyo kunye nombane ofunekayo wokuqala/okwesibini.
- Ubuninzi benkqubo kunye nolungiselelo lwesigaba.
- Iimedance kunye neemfuno zolawulo lombane xa kuchaziwe.
- I-Insulation, iqondo lokushisa kunye neemfuno zokupholisa.
- Ubume bofakelo kunye nokunciphisa indawo.
- Izixhobo ezisebenzayo kunye nemigangatho yeprojekthi.
- Ulungiselelo loqhagamshelo, iitheminali kunye nojongano lwentambo.
- Ujongano olufunekayo kunye nokhuselo lojongano.
- Umzobo womgca omnye kunye nolungelelwaniso kunye nesixhobo sokutshintshela phezulu / esisezantsi.
- Amaxwebhu kunye neemfuno zokuvunywa kwezixhobo ezicetywayo.
Kwisikhululo esidibeneyo, ukhetho lwe-transformer kufuneka lulungelelanise kunye nenkqubo ejikelezileyo. I-transformer iyayitshintsha i-voltage; i-switchgear ehambelanayo ilawula kwaye ikhusela iisekethe ezixhunyiwe; indawo ebiyelweyo kunye noyilo lwentambo mayivumele izixhobo ezivunyiweyo ukuba zifakwe kwaye zigcinwe. IiJSGK isitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi indlela ibonelela ngomxholo weprojekthi ofanelekileyo, ngelixa yona ikhathalogu izixhobo zombane ibonisa iintsapho zokuhanjiswa kwemveliso enxulumeneyo.
Ngamafutshane, i-transformer yamandla iqulethe i-core, i-windings, i-insulation kunye nokudibanisa, kunye nokupholisa, i-bushings, i-tap-changing kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ngokuxhomekeke kulwakhiwo. Ukuqonda loo macandelo kunceda ukuchaza ukuba yintoni ekufuneka iqinisekiswe, hayi ukuba iyunithi nganye ibandakanya ngokuzenzekelayo. Abathengi beprojekthi banakho xoxa ngengcaciso ye-transformer kunye ne-substation kunye ne-JSGK ngokubonelela ngee-voltage, umthamo, ufakelo, uqhagamshelo kunye neemfuno ze-system-interface.